INTRODUCTION
Mango production is presently not able to meet market demand, especially in overseas markets. This inability is not only due to low productivity but also its quality is still lacking. This condition is caused by the application of cultivation technology that is not optimal.
Noting that the PT. NUSANTARA NATURAL help increase production in quantity, quality and sustainability (Aspects of K-3). so that farmers can compete in the era of free markets.
Agroecology
Mango plants grow well at an altitude of 50-300 m above sea level in the soil layer thickness and structure of soil crumbs and grainy.
VARIETIES
High-valued varieties such Arumanis Bluebird 21 or 143. Other varieties are Manalagi 69, Lalijiwo, Chokanan and Marionette 31.
LAND PREPARATION
Planting hole was made 1-2 months before planting, measuring 1 mx 1m x 1 m and plant spacing 6 mx 8 m. Two weeks before the planting, the soil excavation is inserted back into the planting hole with manure mixed with a ratio of 1: 1. It would be more optimal flush SUPERNASA (0.5 tbsp / + 5 lt water / tree).
INVESTMENT
Planting at the beginning of the rainy season. Before the seed is planted plastic bags removed. The depth of planting + 15-20 cm above the neck of plant roots and soil around the plant direction is pressed so as not to collapse. Plants were given shelter by a tilted position to the west and then reduced gradually.
Fertilization
Manure ~ (PK) is given one time at the beginning of the rainy season. How immersed wide tree canopy surrounding plants or digging holes in the sides of the plant. Mango aged 1-5 years were given 30 kg of CP, aged 6-15 years were given 60 kg of PK. It would be more optimal if added ~ ~ SUPERNASA or if the manure can be used SUPERNASA difficult to dose:
- Alternative 1: 0.5 tablespoon / 5 lt of water per plant.
- Alternative 2: NASA SUPER dilute one vial in 2 liter (2000 ml) solution made of water mains. Then every one liter of water was given 20 ml of the parent before watering per tree.
~ The next SUPERNASA can be given every 3-4 months.
NASA POC ~ Spraying (4-5 TTP / tank) or a more optimal NASA POC (3-4 TTP) + HORMONIK (a TTP) per tank every 1-3 months.
NPK ~ 2 times a year at the beginning (November - December), late rainy season (April-May) doses
Pruning
Crop Shape (three stages):
Phase I: the age of one year after planting in the rainy season by cutting the stem as high as 50-60 cm from soil surface and cuts on the field connection. From the branches that grow maintained three branches spreading direction.
Phase II: trimming performed on the three branches that grow after the age of two years, the way he leaves 1-2 sections / disappear. Shoots that grow on each branch maintained three buds. If more are removed. Stages will be obtained by pruning tree branches to the formula 1-3 - 9.
Phase III: the age of three years, the same way as stage II, but maintained all the shoots that grow to production.
TRIM PRODUCTION
This pruning to maintain the plant by cutting off dead branches / dry, branches that grow inward and downward and the water branch of the young branch will not bear fruit. Production cuts implemented immediately after harvest.
IRRIGATION
Conducted two times a year at the beginning and end of the rainy season, by inverting the soil (pembumbunan) around the glass plants to pathogens that exist in the ground dead.
Mulching (mulch)
Provision of mulch at the end of the rainy season, using the straw / the remnants of the former pruning / plant interrupted.
Weed control
Weed control is performed at least three times a year.
FLOWER INDUCTION
To encourage flowering, use SUPER NASA Solid Organic Fertilizer with a dose of 1-2 tablespoons / tree mixed with 10 liters of water splashed evenly under the canopy of trees after the second pupus (February-March) and sprayed the NASA POC (3-4 TTP / tank) + HORMONIK (a TTP) per tank.
MANAGEMENT OF FLOWER AND FRUIT
Management of flower and fruit done four times, at the time of bud break, bud elongation, mango size (green beans) and marble size (corn). Fertilizer use:
1. Fospat Phosphat (MKP) is given before the advent of new shoots or bud break and during bud break or bud elongation (dose 2.5 g / liter).
2. NASA POC provided during bud break, bud elongation, (4-5 doses cap / tank).
3. NASA POC (3-4 TTP) + HORMONIK (a TTP) per tank size is given at the time of mango and marble size.
Pests and diseases
a. Tip borer, Clumetia transverse
This caterpillar gnawing the young shoots (flush) and flower panicles with a drill / gnawing shoots or panicles headed downward. Leaf or panicle flower buds wither, dry and damaged as a result of nutrient transport stops and then die. Control; branch cut and burn infected buds, pendangiran to kill the pupa, spraying with PESTONA.
b. Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)
These pests are often called red-striped thrips on the first abdominal segment there is a red line. These pests attack the young leaves than flowers also with piercing and sucking the fluid from the epidermis of leaves and fruit. Place a puncture can be a source of disease. Leaves look like a burn, brown and menggelinting. If interest diketok-word of the hands and placed underneath the base with a white paper would look a lot of thrips that fell. Control: The young shoots cut and burned attacked, catching the yellow traps, regular pruning, spraying with BVR or PESTONA
c. Caterpillars Phylotroctis sp.
Slightly brown color (different from Clumetia sp. That it's green) often gnawing a flower panicle base of candidates. Eggs Phyloctroctis sp. hatched and young adults to attack the fruit stalk (nipple). Young fruit fall because absisi layer on the fruit stalk blackish pus. Active at night. Control with PESTONA.
d. Seed borer, Noorda albizonalis
These pests gnawing a fruit at the end or the middle and generally leave scars and often cause fruit dirt broke. This caterpillar gnawing a direct consequence of fruit seeds and fallen fruit rotting. Unlike the Black fruit borer are gnawing at the base of the fruit. Holes can hoist as a source of disease. Control: fruit packaging, fruit infected collect and burn, spray with PESTONA.
e. Mango Planthopper (Idiocerus sp.)
The attack occurred during panicle elongation flower bud stage. Planthopper nymphs and adults suck attacked simultaneously with the liquid in the flower, so dry, disturbed pollination and fruit formation and then die. Severe attacks occur when hot weather is humid supported. These pests can invite mildew growth and development of soot (sooty mold) with honey dew removed from aphis which can cause phytotoxic on shoots, leaves and flowers. Control: fumigation, spraying BVR / PESTONA before the flowers bloom / in the afternoon.
f. Fruit Flies (Bractocera dorsalis)
Fruits attacked initially looked black point, around the point to yellow, rotten fruit and larval development occurs. Agravator nature of possible secondary pests (Drosophilla sp.), Fungi and bacteria. Control: fruit packaging, fruit fly trap installation.
g. Antraknose disease (Colletotrichum sp.)
Black spots occur on flush, leaf, panicle and fruit. The attack intensified if too moist, lots of clouds, rain during the flowering time and night time arises that a lot of dew. If the interest affected the entire harvest will fail because the flowers into fall. Control: pruning, planting, not too tightly, the infected plants were collected and burned.
h. Recife disease, Diplodia recifensis
This disease is also called Blendok, vectors of this disease is a beetle Xyleborus affinis. These beetles make tunnels in the stems / branches and fungi Diplodia then into the tunnel. Outside the place will be out blendok gnawing beetles (sap). Mango diseases such as sooty mildew (fungus Meliola mangiferae), scabies / controlling scab (Elsinoe mangiferae), red rust spots (algae Cephaleuros sp.)
Note: If the Control of pests and diseases not yet cope with natural pesticides, chemical pesticides can be used as recommended. In order to spray more evenly and not easily lost by rain water add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810 + 5 ml dose (0.5 cap) per tank. Spraying herbicides (for weeds) to be more effective and efficient intervention can Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, dose + 5 ml (1 / 2 cap) / tank
HARVEST AND POST HARVEST
Harvest done at the age + 97 days after anthesis, fruit, powdery, and the hours of 9:00 to 16:00 am, with the fruit stalks leaving about 0.5 to 1 cm.
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